▲仅从字面意思来看，表示“对应词”的单词是 equivalent 或 counterpart，指两个或几个等同可用作替代物的东西或作用、性质等相当的事物。

如：The word has no equivalent in English. 这个词在英语中没有对应词。a word which has no direct equivalent in English 在英语中找不到对应词的字the difficulty of translating terms with no direct counterpart in the other language 翻译在另一种语言中没有直接对应词的词语的困难▲而表示“反义词”的单词是 antonym 或 opposite，指两个或几个意义相反的词。如：a dictionary of synonyms and antonyms What’s the opposite of ‘optimistic’? “乐观的”一词的反义词是什么？“Short” is the opposite of “tall”，and also of “long”. short 是 tall 的反义词，也是 long 的反义词。