陈述句在书写时句末用句号,在朗读时用降调。
一、陈述句的肯定式陈述句的肯定式即肯定陈述句,它的谓语结构中不含否定词,例如He is a student.他是一个学生。She lives in Nanjing.她住在南京。I can swin.我会游泳。Mr. Black will go to Beijing on business tomorrow.布莱克先生明天将去北京出差。Jane bought some new clothes yesterday.珍妮昨天买了一些新衣服。
二、陈述句的否定式陈述句的否定式即否定陈述句,它的谓语结构中含有否定词如 not(不),no(不,没有), never(从不), nothing(没有什么),none 没有人),few(几乎没有,后跟可数名词), little(几乎没有,后跟不可数名词),seldom(很少),hardly(几乎不)等。例如:He never goes to work late.他上班从来不迟到。This is not my bag.这不是我的包I can' t swin.我不会游泳。She didn' t find her book.她没有找到她的书。He won' t get up early tomorrow morning.他明天早上将不会早起。We have no school on Saturday or Sunday.我们星期六和星期天不上学。
三、将肯定句改为否定句的方法(1) 如果句子中有 be 动词(am,is,are,was,were)will或 shall、情态动词(can,could,must,need,may等)的时候,只需在这些词后面加 not,例如:
① My father is an engineer.我父亲是一位工程师。My father is not (=isnt) an engineer② There were many shops near our school two years ago.两年前我们学校附近有很多商店。There were not (=weren't) many shops near our school two years ago③ He can play Chinese chess very well.他中国象棋下得很好。He cannot(= can't) play Chinese chess very well.④ I should go home at once,我应该马上回家。I should not(= shouldn’t) go home at once⑤ He will walk the dog after supper.他晚饭后将去遛狗。He will not(= won’t) walk the dog after supper.⑥ We shall have a sports meet next week.下周我们将举行运动会。We shall not (shan't) have a sports meet next week注意:肯定句中的 some(一些),在改成否定句时,要把 some 改成 any,(2) 如果句子中没有be动词助动词will或shall,情态动词,则要借助助动词don’t. doesnt或 didn’t,把它们放在主语的后面,再加上动词原形构成否定句,例如:
① I like listening to pop music.我喜欢听流行音乐I don't like listening to pop musIc,② Sandy goes to school by bus every day.桑迪每天乘公交车去上学Sandy doesn t go to school by bus every day.主语:一般是放在句子的首位,用来说明人或事物,常用名词、代词、数词担当。I like watching TV.(I就是主语)谓语:放在主语之后,说明主语的动作、状态、特征和行为,一般组成是be动词/助动词/情态动词+实义动词。I can speak English。(can speak-情态动词+实义动词)宾语:在谓语的后面,表明前面动作的承受者。I can speak English。(English就是宾语)状语:用于修饰动词、形容词以及全句的成分,但是要注意,如果句子里面同时存在地点状语和时间状语,地点状语要写在前面;小时间、小地点要写在大时间、大地点前。I live in China。补语:顾名思义就是补充说明,主要用形容词、名词、动词不定式补充宾语。He often make us happy。表语:表语是谓语的一部分,位于连系动词(be、feel、look等)之后,由名词、代词、数词、形容词担任,也叫主语补足语。用于说明主语的状态、特征、属性、身份等。He feels hungry。(主语+连系动词+表语结构)三、结构句子的结构主要是两种:There be 结构:There be结构相对比较简单,be后面的主语,be要注意单复数,具体单复数是由be紧靠的名词决定。否定形式直接在be后面加not就行,一般疑问句把be提前,特殊疑问句,就是特殊疑问词+be+there了。基本句型:英语句子一般的五种句型:A、主语+谓语:一般这种动词是不及物动词,也就是后面不能接宾语,如work、jump等如:I work hard every day。B、主语+谓语+宾语:这是最常用的一种句型,动词也就是及物动词,可以带宾语。如He took his bag and left the classroom。C、主语+系动词+表语(状语):主要用于表示主语的身份和状态。如:He looks very sad。D、主语+谓语+双宾:常见的需带双宾的词有give、ask、tell等如He give me a book。E、主语+谓语+宾语+补语:如:He makes me very unhappy
陈述句结构有两种:主系表和主谓宾,举例如下:
we are good friends.
we go to school together.
you are beautiful.
you jumped so high.