1.一般现在时：表示现在经常发生的动作或状态，如 I like apples.

2.一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作或状态，如 I went to the park yesterday.

4.现在进行时：表示正在进行的动作，如 I am watching TV now.

5.过去进行时：表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，如 I was playing football at that time.

7.冠词：如 a, an, the

8.介词：如 in, on, at, under, behind, near

9.代词：如 I, you, he, she, it, they