10电子CH4,NH3,NH4+,NH2-,H2O,H3O=,OH-,HF,F-,Ne,Na+,Mg2+,Al3+18电子Ca2+,K+,Ar,HCl,Cl-,H2S-,HS-,S2-,PH3,P3-,SiH4,F2,H2O2,N2H4,C2H6,CH3OH,CH3NH2,CH3F,NH2OH这是比较常见的